Tasmanid75.00%
Distribution
Insular, slightly gracilised Australid subtype of Tasmania. Similar to Barrinean, sometimes also associated with Melanesid or Negritid. Most likely developed due to isolation after Tasmania split off Australia. Extinct today, the last full-blooded male / female died in 1869 / 1876. European colonists had wiped out the type within a few decades by war, displacement, and most importantly introduced diseases. However, a few descendants of mixed ancestry remain.
Traits
Dark brown, sometimes black skin with kinky hair. Rather short, brachyskelic, mesomorph. Mesocephalic sometimes dolichocephalic, chamae- orthocranic. The nose is hyperplatyrrhine, very short, medium-high with a thick tip. Faces are broad and short, mouth large, convex upper lip, prognathy mild. Supraorbital arches and body hair strong.
Common Y-DNA:
R1b (45.74%)I2 (11.70%)I1 (10.64%)E (8.51%)R1a (6.38%)S (5.32%)
Common mtDNA:
P (23.26%)S (15.95%)M (14.29%)HV (12.29%)H (11.96%)K (4.32%)
South Australid51.75%
Distribution
Australid subtype with proto-Caucasiform features associated with the people of the Murray basin of Southeastern Australia. Originally the most numerous Australid type, European settlers colonised the fertile lands of the South-East first and pushed back the natives. Today almost extinct in pure form, many mixed individuals remain. Was typical for Wiradjuri, Darling, Narungga, Wirangu, and related people.
Traits
Medium to dark reddish-brown skin with wavy to tight-curly brown or black hair. Medium height, brachyskelic, mesomorph. Dolichocephalic, sometimes mesocephalic, chamae- orthocranic and large-headed. Nose platyrrhine, but relatively high and long. Face even more massive and robust than in other Australids. Supraorbital arches strong, deep-set eyes, forehead and chin receding, prognathy common, body hair strong.
Common Y-DNA:
R1b (45.74%)I2 (11.70%)I1 (10.64%)E (8.51%)R1a (6.38%)S (5.32%)
Common mtDNA:
P (23.26%)S (15.95%)M (14.29%)HV (12.29%)H (11.96%)K (4.32%)
Tapirid47.48%
Distribution
Pygmy Melanesian type. In difference to many other Pygmies, it shares a common history with its taller neighbours and probably represents a secondary adaption driven by iodine deficiency. Typified by the now-gone Tapiro. Also in Pesechem, Goliath, Aiome, Afere, Baining, Mafulu, Yali, Kimyal, Mek, Ketengban, and Una. Occasionally in Vanuatu and the Bismarck Archipelago.
Traits
Dark to medium brown, yellowish-reddish skin. Tight-curly or kinky brown-black, sometimes red or blonde hair. (Very) short, the Kimyal even shorter than Bambutids. Mesoskelic, mesomorph to ectomorph. Small-headed, meso- brachycephalic, orthocranic. Mesorrhine or mildly platyrrhine, fleshy, broad-backed, sometimes mildly convex nose. Mouth very large with a convex upper lip, ears short and broad.
Common Y-DNA:
M (57.89%)S (26.32%)C (15.79%)
Common mtDNA:
Q (34.94%)P (27.62%)B4'5 (21.44%)M (11.51%)E (2.51%)R (1.99%)
Australid37.27%
Distribution
Phenotype group typical for native Australian people. Probably split off from one of the early Out-of-Africa migrations before the divergence of Europeans and East Asians. Migrated to Australia via a South Asian route. Often shows a variety of ancient features. Superciliary arches strong, prognathy, long skulls, receding chin and foreheads. Long-legged, slender, skin medium brown to black, hair wavy to curly, noses very wide. Body hair stronger than in Sub-Saharan Africans. The North Australid variety is high-skulled, taller, darker, and more slender, the South Australid low-skulled, more thickset, and fairer-skinned. In the Western Desert exists a short-faced, lighter-haired Desert Australid variety. Until the 20th century a pygmoid Barrinean variety was found in the forests. The kinky-haired Tasmanid was native to Tasmania. European colonisation practically wiped out all of them except North Australids and Desert Australids.
Common Y-DNA:
R1b (38.05%)I2 (9.73%)M (9.73%)I1 (8.85%)S (8.85%)E (7.08%)
Common mtDNA:
Q (26.89%)P (26.57%)B4'5 (16.31%)M (12.17%)S (3.82%)HV (2.94%)
North Lappid33.06%
Distribution
Northern Lappid variety, somewhat closer to Sibirid, possibly due to Samoyedic influence. Associated with Eastern Saami (formerly "Lapps"), e.g. Skolt and Inari speakers. Extends from Finnmark in Norway across Northern Finland to the Kola Peninsula. Rare today, but still extended to St. Petersburg around 1700. Blends in Nenets with Sibirid and in the Volga Kama region with Volgid (Sub Lappid).
Traits
Light brown skin, straight, usually dark brown, sometimes lighter hair and brown eyes. Short, meso- macroskelic, endomorph with relatively long arms. Brachycephalic, sometimes mesocephalic, chamae- orthocranic. Mesorrhine, often concave nose with a depressed root. Compared to Scando Lappid, the forehead is slightly narrower, the chin slightly stronger, eyebrows thicker and slanting eyes more common. Hair growth rather weak.
Common Y-DNA:
N (44.80%)I1 (26.26%)R1a (11.20%)R1b (10.69%)I2 (2.22%)G (1.42%)
Common mtDNA:
HV (28.66%)H (28.07%)U (16.49%)V (5.18%)J (5.14%)T (4.24%)
Trønder31.10%
Distribution
North European type, combines features of Paleo Atlantid, Hallstatt, and East Nordid. One of the main elements in the ancient Vikings. Their nucleus lies in the Norwegian Trøndelag region. It also dominates in other parts of Norway as well as Iceland and Central Sweden. Sometimes in other parts of Scandinavia, Scotland, and Northeastern England. Historic Viking migrations dispersed it across several other regions of Europe (e.g. France, Russia, and Italy).
Traits
Rosy-white skin, straight or wavy, often golden blonde, sometimes red or brown hair with light eyes. Tall, brachy- mesoskelic, ecto- to mesomorph. Mesocephalic and orthocranic with craggier facial features, and a slightly steeper, more roundish forehead compared to Hallstatt. Face is long, nose (hyper-)leptorrhine. Head size is moderate, auricular height very high. Orthognathic. Body hair moderate to strong. Rather small eyes, thin lips, sturdy chin.
Common Y-DNA:
I1 (42.89%)R1b (20.77%)R1a (16.98%)N (6.13%)I2 (4.31%)G (2.96%)
Common mtDNA:
HV (29.23%)H (28.28%)U (12.64%)T (7.50%)J (7.19%)K (5.13%)
Annamid30.74%
Distribution
South Sinid subvariety with less pronounced Sinid features that often tend to be very gracile. Typical for the old province of Annam in Vietnam. Developed through continuous Sinid expansions to the South and assimilation of indigenous South Mongolid and even Veddoid elements. Most common in Central Vietnam, slightly more mixed in South Vietnam. Sporadically across Indochina and South China.
Traits
Yellowish light brown skin, often slightly darker than in other South Sinids. Coarse straight to slightly wavy hair. (Rather) short, macro- mesoskelic, ectomorph with very gracile bodies. Brachycephalic, hypsicranic. Mesorrhine or mildly leptorrhine nose that is higher than in other South Sinids. The face is longer and fine-featured, eyes larger, features deviate in a Europiform direction, mouth smaller. Eyes slanting, sometimes with epicanthic folds. Body hair scant.
Common Y-DNA:
O (84.31%)N (5.88%)Q (3.92%)C (1.96%)F (1.96%)R1a (1.96%)
Common mtDNA:
M (26.23%)F (24.78%)B4'5 (23.91%)D (6.67%)C (6.09%)N (3.91%)
Shillukid30.51%
Distribution
Nilotid variety similar to Dinkaid, but with slightly modified features. Typically found in the savannahs of the Upper Nile of South Sudan. Extends to Western Ethiopia (e.g. Gambela). Most common in Shilluk, but also in Anuak. More mixed in other Nilotic people.
Traits
Black skin, usually kinky, sometimes tight-curly hair. (Very) tall, hyperbrachyskelic, strongly ectomorph. Usually hyperdolichocephalic, hypsicranic. The face is narrower and the skull even longer. (Mildly) platyrrhine nose, forehead steep and very high. The lips are relatively full. Mongoloid eyes occur especially in women. Prognathy very weak.
Common Y-DNA:
E (41.03%)J1 (28.21%)A0-T (25.64%)C (2.56%)J2 (2.56%)
Common mtDNA:
L3 (28.70%)R (14.81%)M (13.89%)U (11.11%)L0 (6.48%)L4 (5.56%)
Mtebid29.77%
Distribution
Regional type of the Caucasus Mountains. Probably an Alpinised Dinaro-Armenid adapted to life in mountainous regions. Mtebids are typical of the Georgian population and common among Chechens, Ingushes, and Ossetians.
Traits
Light brown skin, straight or wavy, usually brown hair. Medium height, mesoskelic- brachyskelic, endomorph to mesomorph. Brachycephalic, hypsicranic. Face broad, nose straight to convex and hyperleptorrhine. In fact, Mtebids have the lowest nasal index of the whole region. Body hair medium to strong, lips not very full. Often similar to Alpinid, but facial features are usually more refined and the skull is longer and lower.
Common Y-DNA:
G (39.68%)J2 (22.75%)R1b (10.05%)L (5.82%)J1 (5.29%)Q (5.29%)
Common mtDNA:
HV (21.30%)U (17.59%)H (15.74%)T (10.19%)K (6.48%)N (5.56%)
Litorid29.70%
Distribution
Type of coastal European regions that contains Mediterranid and Dinaro-Armenid elements. Probably the result of ancient migrations from Asia Minor across the sea. Found from Lebanon and Southern Turkey to Cyprus, Greece, Italy, Spain, France (Brittany, Gironde), partially British Isles (western and southern coasts, Wales, Scotland), Netherlands, Frisia, sometimes even Scandinavia and Poland.
Traits
Light brown skin. Straight to curly, brown or black hair. Dark eyes. Rather tall, ecto- to endomorph, meso-, sometimes macroskelic. Mesocephalic, mildly hypsicranic, slightly flattened occiput. Nose hyperleptorrhine, often convex, prominent. Face is oval, body hair strong.
Common Y-DNA:
R1b (29.95%)J2 (17.00%)E (11.16%)G (9.41%)I2 (7.24%)J1 (6.95%)
Common mtDNA:
HV (31.69%)H (28.95%)U (11.34%)J (7.59%)T (6.75%)K (4.26%)