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Introduction
Insulin sensitivity is important obviously and this will be a list of drugs/supplements/lifestyle habits that contribute to insulin sensitivity
Also will be explaining the anabolic trinity and why GH should be ran with slin
Insulin Resistance
This is when your tissues become less responsive to insulin. This makes your pancreas release more insulin than it should in order to regulate blood glucose levels. Overtime this hyperglycemia strains your pancreas which can lead to prediabetes or T2D
The anabolic trinity
The anabolic trinity is the combination of AAS/GH/insulin. The AAS is the androgenic backbone that drives MPS, activating mTOR and causing satellite cells to proliferate.
The growth hormone is used for its connective tissue repairing properties, for example if you blow up fast your tendons can't keep up and you could risk injury, with GH this isn't a problem. Also is used for lypolysis
The insulin is used to counteract the IR caused by gh and works synergistically with AAS as it also activates mTOR and increases glycogen stores
Insulin sensitivity
Staying physically active is a good way to remain insulin sensitive as well as being lean. You know the drill just be active and live a healthy life style
GLP1RAs
Glucagon like peptide 1 receptor agonists, think retatrutide and tirzepatide. They lower body weight which helps with IR also lowers inflammation and how tissues respond to slin
Telmisartan
Improves insulin sensitivity through partial agonism to the peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma. Helps with inflammatory cytokines and activates AMPK/SIRT1 axis in muscle
Metformin
Metformin acts via AMPK dependent and AMPK independent pathways to regulate glucose metabolism, allows more GLUT4 expression and translocation to the membrane for less glucose in the blood and better insulin sensitivity
Empagliflozin
SGLT2 inhibitor that inhibits the initial transportation of glucose into the blood stream thus lowering blood glucose. Excretes excess glucose in urine
Berberine
Interacts with AMPK in the islets and raises CAMP which helps with insulin secretion and also induces free fatty acid secretion of insulin. Also improves stimulation of glucose via IGF1 cascade reactions thus improving insulin secretion, reducing insulin resistance and improving sensitivity of the liver, muscle, and fat. Also improves proliferation in pancreatic beta cells
Berberine also lowers inflammatory cytokines like TNF-a IL6 and hs-CRP
Imeglyn
Acts on mitochondria and reduces ROS production. Also enhances glucose stimulated insulin secretion and increases insulin signalling in the liver and skeletal muscle also preserves beta cell mass. Synthesis of NAD+ as well.
Insulin Antagonists
Adrenaline
Adrenaline/alpha-adrenergic receptor binding on beta cells → opening of K channels/hyperpolarization of cell membrane → inhibited insulin secretion
Growth Hormone
Lipolysis causes more free fatty acids which can contribute to IR
GH/GHR → jak2/STAT pathway/ PI3K/AKT, ERK 1 and 2 kinases → crosstalk with insulin → overtime can interfere with IR/IRS/PI3K
Also tells the liver to release a lot of glucose
Cortisol
Activates GSK3 which inhibits glycogen synthesis and activates protein degradation. Inhibits insulin and GLP1 secretion and impairs GLUT4 translocation to membrane. Increases in free fatty acids which add to IR
Conclusion
End of this two part thing, nice. Hopefully you learned something
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@saccharinesaint @copevictim @xorsizm @Dearpleasehelpme
